Is that stylish new polyester rug in your home secretly poisoning you and your family? It’s an alarming possibility.
As a professional custom rugs supplier, I’ve learned to be wary of products made with synthetic materials. The toxicity of plastics and microplastics is a growing concern. And when it comes to polyester rugs specifically, there are reasonable causes for concern.
In this definitive guide, I’ll share everything you need to know to make an informed decision about whether polyester rugs are right for your home. You’ll learn:
- The potential health and environmental impacts of polyester rug ingredients
- Safer natural fiber alternatives to polyester rugs
- Tips for identifying and avoiding toxic chemicals in rugs
- How to keep any rug clean and safe for your family
Let’s dive in!
What Is Polyester and Why Is It Used for Rugs?
Polyester is a synthetic polymer fabric made from petroleum. The base ingredients are derived from crude oil through various chemical processes.
Polyester is a popular rug material because it is:
- Durable
- Stain resistant
- Affordable compared to natural fibers like wool
- Available in a wide variety of colors and textures
These useful properties make polyester a top choice for rug retailers and consumers. But there can be health and environmental tradeoffs.
Is Polyester Rug Toxic?
Polyester rugs can potentially be considered toxic due to their emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These chemicals, which are released into the air, can have adverse effects on indoor air quality and human health, especially for sensitive groups like babies, children, and individuals with allergies. The presence of harmful chemicals in polyester fibers means that these rugs may contribute to a less healthy environment within homes.
However, it’s important to note that the level of toxicity depends on the concentration of VOCs emitted, and proper ventilation can help mitigate these issues. For those seeking healthier alternatives, non-toxic rug options with minimal or no VOC emissions are available in the market.
Potential Health Effects of Polyester Rugs
On their own, polyester fibers are generally considered safe. But there are some problematic ingredients and additives commonly used in polyester rug production:
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
The strong “new rug” smell comes from VOCs off-gassing from chemicals used to manufacture polyester rugs. VOCs can cause:
- Eye, nose and throat irritation
- Headaches, dizziness and nausea
- Liver, kidney and central nervous system damage
VOCs may continue emitting from rugs for years at low levels.
Flame Retardants
Most polyester rugs are treated with flame retardant chemicals to meet flammability standards. These can be toxic.
Some brominated flame retardants have been banned due to health risks. But manufacturers have shifted to other concerning chemicals like organophosphorous compounds.
Potential health impacts include:
- Hormone disruption
- Developmental issues
- Lowered IQ in children
- Cancer
Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde resins are sometimes used to affix rug backings. This known human carcinogen can cause:
- Eye, nose and throat irritation
- Wheezing and coughing
- Skin rashes
- Anxiety attacks
Microplastics
Microplastics are tiny plastic particles shed from polyester rugs during regular use. These can be ingested or inhaled, with uncertain human health impacts.
What About Recycled Polyester Rugs?
Recycled polyester rugs are marketed as an eco-friendly choice, because they keep used plastic bottles out of landfills. However, the recycling process doesn’t remove residual chemicals.
In fact, recycled polyester can contain additional toxins like BPA from the reclaimed bottles.
So while recycled polyester rugs are gentler on the planet, they aren’t necessarily safer for human health. All polyester rugs require chemical inputs during manufacturing.
Natural Rug Fibers – The Healthy Alternative
Natural fibers generally provide better indoor air quality compared to synthetic rugs. Good options include:
Wool
- Naturally stain and dirt resistant
- Durable and long lasting
- Renewable resource; biodegradable
Jute
- Strong, durable fiber with natural sheen
- Biodegradable and recyclable
- Very affordable
Sisal
- Stain resistant and durable
- Natural sheen enhances colors
- Made from agave plant; renewable
Organic cotton
- Soft, comfortable texture
- Renewable and biodegradable
- Grown without pesticides
How to Identify and Avoid Toxic Rugs
Unfortunately, labeling can be misleading when it comes to rugs. Terms like “eco friendly” or “non toxic rug” aren’t well regulated.
Here are tips for finding truly healthy rugs:
- Confirm materials. Get written confirmation of ALL materials, including dyes, chemical treatments, backing and padding.
- Look for certifications. GOTS, GreenLabel Plus and SMaRT certified rugs have been independently tested for low emissions and toxin-free production.
- Buy from specialty stores. Many smaller makers focus exclusively on sustainable, non toxic rugs. They thoroughly vet their supply chains.
- Read online reviews. Comments about chemical odors, rashes or breathing issues raise red flags about toxicity.
- Ask questions. Reach out to manufacturers to understand their entire production process, from materials to finished product.
Transparency is key to finding safe rugs. If a brand can’t confirm their non toxic manufacturing, keeping looking!
How to Care For Rugs
Caring properly for all rugs (polyester or natural fiber) keeps them cleaner and healthier:
- Vacuum regularly using a HEPA filter to trap dust and allergens.
- Spot clean spills immediately to prevent staining or mold issues.
- Shampoo clean occasionally to remove deeply ground-in dirt and residues.
- Place doormats at entrances to reduce tracked-in contaminants like lead dust and pesticides.
Following these simple tips minimizes toxins introduced into your home (from any source) so your family can breathe easier.
The Bottom Line: Consider Alternatives
While outright bans on toxic chemicals in polyester rugs seem unlikely, there are enough health and environmental uncertainties to give most people pause.
For anyone highly concerned about indoor air quality — especially families with small children, elderly people or those managing chronic illness — switching to natural fiber rugs is the safest choice.
Wool and cotton rugs certified to be free of VOC glues, chemical dyes, flame retardants and stain repellents provide the healthiest floor covering option.
And for casual family spaces like playrooms, affordable natural sisal or jute area rugs can replace wall-to-wall polyester carpet. Protect your family without blowing your budget.
What do you think about the potential risks of polyester rugs? Share your thoughts in the comments!